In no other department is a thorough knowledge of history so important as in philosophy. Like historical science in general, philosophy Is, on the one hand In touch with exact Inquiry, while, on the other, It has a certain relationship with art With the former it has in common its methodical procedure and its cognitive alm; with the latter, Its intultive character and the endeavor to compass the whole of reality with a glance. Metaphysical principles are less easily verified from experience than physical hypotheses, but also less easily refuted. Systems of philosophy, therefore,are not so dependent on our progressive knowledge of facts as the theorles of natural science, and change less quickly; notwithstanding their mutual conflicts, and In spite of the talk about discarded standpoints.they possess in a measure the permanence of classical works of art, they retain for all time a certain relative validity. (from History of Modern Philosophy by Richard Falckenberg] According to the passage why do systems of philosophy retain a certain relative validity? 1. Aspects of the systems are difficult to disprove. 2. Important tenets of the systems have been proven to be infallible. 3. The systems are based on rigorously tested proofs and theorems. 4. The systems draw on both the arts and natural science.

Question

In no other department is a thorough knowledge of history so important as in philosophy. Like historical science in general, philosophy Is, on the one hand In touch with exact Inquiry, while, on the other, It has a certain relationship with art With the former it has in common its methodical procedure and its cognitive alm; with the latter, Its intultive character and the endeavor to compass the whole of reality with a glance. Metaphysical principles are less easily verified from experience than physical hypotheses, but also less easily refuted. Systems of philosophy, therefore,are not so dependent on our progressive knowledge of facts as the theorles of natural science, and change less quickly; notwithstanding their mutual conflicts, and In spite of the talk about discarded standpoints.they possess in a measure the permanence of classical works of art, they retain for all time a certain relative validity. (from History of Modern Philosophy by Richard Falckenberg] According to the passage why do systems of philosophy retain a certain relative validity? 1. Aspects of the systems are difficult to disprove. 2. Important tenets of the systems have been proven to be infallible. 3. The systems are based on rigorously tested proofs and theorems. 4. The systems draw on both the arts and natural science.

Answer 1

1. Aspects of the systems are difficult to disprove.

Answer 2

## Step 1The first step in solving this problem is to understand the passage. The passage discusses the nature of philosophy and its relationship with exact inquiry and art. It also mentions that philosophical systems are not as dependent on progressive knowledge of facts as natural science theories, and they change less quickly.## Step 2The next step is to identify the key points in the passage. The passage states that philosophical systems are not easily refuted and they possess a certain relative validity. This suggests that the systems are difficult to disprove, which is the key point we need to focus on.## Step 3The final step is to match the key points from the passage to the given options. The option that best matches the key points from the passage is "Aspects of the systems are difficult to disprove". This is because the passage emphasizes that philosophical systems are not easily refuted, which means they are difficult to disprove.

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