Problemas
15. What does it mean If an organism is "fit?" 26. How does natural selection result in evolution? 27. What are the 5 mechanisms of evolution? 28. How do mutations contribute to evolution? 29. How does genetic drift contribute to evolution? 30. What are the two types of genetic drift? 31. What is the bottleneck effect? 32. What is the founder effect? 33. What is gene flow? 34. How does genetic drift differ from gene flow? 35. How does nonrandom mating result in evolution?
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Respuesta
15. Fitness in biology refers to an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.26. Natural selection results in evolution by favoring organisms with traits that enhance survival and reproduction.27. The five mechanisms of evolution are mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection, and nonrandom mating.28. Mutations contribute to evolution by introducing new genetic variation into a population.29. Genetic drift contributes to evolution by causing random changes in the frequency of alleles in a population.30. The two types of genetic drift are the bottleneck effect and the founder effect.31. The bottleneck effect is a type of genetic drift that occurs when a population is drastically reduced in size, leading to a loss of genetic variation.32. The founder effect is a type of genetic drift that occurs when a new population is established by a small number of individuals, leading to a change in the genetic makeup of the population.33. Gene flow is the transfer of genetic variation from one population to another.34. Genetic drift is a random change in the frequency of alleles in a population, while gene flow is the transfer of genetic variation from one population to another.35. Nonrandom mating can lead to evolution by changing the frequency of certain traits in a population.
Explicación
## Step1The term "fitness" in biology refers to an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment. The more offspring an organism can produce, the higher its fitness.## Step2Natural selection is a process where organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. Over time, this process can lead to evolution, as the traits that enhance survival and reproduction become more common in the population.## Step3The five mechanisms of evolution are mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection, and nonrandom mating.## Step4Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism. These changes can lead to new traits, which can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful. Beneficial mutations can lead to evolution by introducing new genetic variation into a population.## Step5Genetic drift is a random change in the frequency of alleles in a population. It can lead to evolution by changing the genetic makeup of a population over time.## Step6There are two types of genetic drift: the bottleneck effect and the founder effect. The bottleneck effect occurs when a population is drastically reduced in size, leading to a loss of genetic variation. The founder effect occurs when a new population is established by a small number of individuals, leading to a change in the genetic makeup of the population.## Step7The bottleneck effect is a type of genetic drift that occurs when a population is drastically reduced in size, leading to a loss of genetic variation.## Step8The founder effect is a type of genetic drift that occurs when a new population is established by a small number of individuals, leading to a change in the genetic makeup of the population.## Step9Gene flow is the transfer of genetic variation from one population to another. It can lead to evolution by introducing new genetic variation into a population.## Step10Genetic drift and gene flow are both mechanisms of evolution, but they work in different ways. Genetic drift is a random change in the frequency of alleles in a population, while gene flow is the transfer of genetic variation from one population to another.## Step11Nonrandom mating can lead to evolution by changing the frequency of certain traits in a population. For example, if individuals with a certain trait are more likely to mate, that trait will become more common in the population over time.