1. What is ecological succession? a. A suddencological b. The gradual processor ecosystem development over time c. The death of organisms in an ecosystem d. The migration of species to new areas 2. Which type of succession occurs in areas where no life previously existed? a. Secondary succession b Tertiary succession c. Primary succession d. Climax succession 3. Pioneer species in primary succession typically include: a. Large trees and shrubs b. Small mammals and insects c. Flowering plants d. Lichens and mosses 4. Secondary succession differs from primary succession because: a. It occurs only in aquatic environments b. It requires no living organisms c. Soil is already present d. It takes longer to complete 5. After a forest fire, the type of succession that occurs is: a. Primary succession b. Pioneer succession c. Climax succession d. Secondary succession 6. Which of these would most likely lead to primary succession? a. A newly formed volcanic island b. An abandoned farm field c. A cleared forest d. A flooded meadow 7. The first stage of soil formation in primary succession is typical a. Tree roots b. Weathering by lichens c. Large animal activity d. Human intervention