15. Hobbes and Rosseau are both A. Absolute Rulers B. Byzantine Rulers C. Religious Reformers D. Enlightenment Philosophers

The correct answer is D. Enlightenment Philosophers.Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were both prominent Enlightenment philosophers who made significant contributions to political philosophy and social contract theory.Hobbes is best known for his work "Leviathan" (1651), in which he argued for a strong central authority to prevent the chaos of a "state of nature." He believed that humans are naturally selfish and competitive, and that a powerful sovereign is necessary to maintain order and protect individual rights.Rousseau, on the other hand, is known for his work "The Social Contract" (1762), in which he proposed a more egalitarian and democratic view of society. Rousseau believed that humans are inherently good, but are corrupted by the inequalities and injustices of modern civilization. He advocated for a political system that would allow individuals to maintain their freedom and autonomy while still benefiting from the advantages of a larger community.Both Hobbes and Rousseau were influential thinkers during the Enlightenment, a period of intellectual and cultural transformation in Europe that emphasized reason, individualism, and the questioning of traditional authority. Their ideas about the nature of human beings, the role of government, and the relationship between the individual and the state continue to shape political philosophy and social thought to this day.