TEXTUAL EVIDENCE: EXAMPLE Jan Gimsa, Robert Sleigh and Ulrike Gimsa have hypothesized that the sail. like structure running down the back of the dinosaur Spinosaurus aegyptiacus improved the animal's success in underwater pursuits of prey species capable of making quick, evasive movements. To evaluate their hypothesis, a second team of researchers constructed two battery-powered mechanical models of S. aegyptiacus, one with a sail and one without, and subjected the models to a series of identical tests in a water-filled tank. Which finding from the model tests, if true would most strongly support Gimsa and colleagues' hypothesis? Choose 1 answer: A The model with a sail took significantly longer to travel a specified distance while submerged than the model without a sail did. B The model with a sail displaced significantly more water while submerged than the model without a sail did. C The model with a sail had significantly less battery power remaining after completing the tests than the model without a sail did. D The model with a sail took significantly less time to complete a sharp turn while submenged than the model without a.suitdid

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TEXTUAL EVIDENCE: EXAMPLE Jan Gimsa, Robert Sleigh and Ulrike Gimsa have hypothesized that the sail. like structure running down the back of the dinosaur Spinosaurus aegyptiacus improved the animal's success in underwater pursuits of prey species capable of making quick, evasive movements. To evaluate their hypothesis, a second team of researchers constructed two battery-powered mechanical models of S. aegyptiacus, one with a sail and one without, and subjected the models to a series of identical tests in a water-filled tank. Which finding from the model tests, if true would most strongly support Gimsa and colleagues' hypothesis? Choose 1 answer: A The model with a sail took significantly longer to travel a specified distance while submerged than the model without a sail did. B The model with a sail displaced significantly more water while submerged than the model without a sail did. C The model with a sail had significantly less battery power remaining after completing the tests than the model without a sail did. D The model with a sail took significantly less time to complete a sharp turn while submenged than the model without a.suitdid

Answer 1

## Step 1The problem presents a scenario where two mechanical models of the dinosaur Spinosaurus aegyptiacus are tested in a water-filled tank. One model has a sail, and the other does not. The goal is to determine which model would best support the hypothesis that the sail structure on the Spinosaurus aegyptiacus improved its success in underwater pursuits of prey species capable of making quick, evasive movements.## Step 2The hypothesis suggests that the sail structure would enhance the Spinosaurus aegyptiacus's ability to make quick, evasive movements underwater. Therefore, the model that supports this hypothesis would be the one that shows the model with a sail having an advantage in terms of speed and maneuverability over the model without a sail.## Step 3Looking at the options, option D states that "The model with a sail took significantly less time to complete a sharp turn while submerged than the model without a sail did." This statement directly supports the hypothesis because it shows that the model with a sail is more agile and can make sharp turns faster than the model without a sail.

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