Problemas
Exercise 1: Read the text and answer the questions below. 1. What are El Nifio and La Niña? 2. What does ENSO stand for, and what does it involve? 3. What are trade winds and how do they affect the Pacific Ocean? 4. What is upwelling, and how does it affect marine life? 5. What happens when trade winds weaken or reverse? 6. What do El Niño & La Nifia mean in Spanish?
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Respuesta
1. El Niño and La Niña are climate patterns that describe the unusual warming or cooling of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. El Niño is the "warm phase," while La Niña is the "cool phase."2. ENSO stands for El Niño-Southern Oscillation. It involves fluctuations in the ocean temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific, along with changes in the atmosphere.3. Trade winds are the prevailing pattern of easterly surface winds found in the tropics, within the region of the equatorial doldrums. They play a significant role in the formation of tropical weather patterns and influence the movement of ocean currents in the Pacific Ocean.4. Upwelling is a process in which deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water rises to the surface. This can have a significant impact on marine life, as it brings nutrients to the surface, promoting the growth of phytoplankton, which forms the base of the ocean's food web.5. When trade winds weaken or reverse, it can lead to changes in ocean currents and weather patterns. This can result in increased rainfall and flooding in some areas, while causing drought and wildfires in others.6. El Niño means "the boy child" in Spanish, while La Niña means "the girl child." These names were given because the climate pattern tends to occur every two to seven years, around the time of the Christmas holidays when baby Jesus is celebrated.