Which of the following are NOT considered contributing factors to the Permian extinction? extraterrestrial impact all of these are contributing factors volcanic activity the formation/breakup of Pangaon

## Step 1<br />The Permian extinction, also known as the "Great Dying", was the most severe extinction event recorded in Earth's history, with up to 96% of all marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrate species becoming extinct. The causes of this extinction event are still a subject of debate among scientists, but several factors are generally accepted as contributing to this mass extinction.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The first factor is volcanic activity. The Siberian Traps, a large volcanic region in northern Pangea, experienced intense volcanic activity during the Permian period. This volcanic activity led to significant climate change, which is believed to have played a role in the Permian extinction.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />The second factor is the formation and breakup of Pangea. The formation and breakup of Pangea would have caused significant changes in ocean currents and climate, which could have contributed to the Permian extinction.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />The third factor is extraterrestrial impacts. While there is evidence of several impact craters from the Permian period, the extent to which these impacts contributed to the Permian extinction is still a subject of debate.<br /><br />## Step 5<br />Given the above, the statement "all of these are contributing factors" is not accurate. While all these factors may have played a role in the Permian extinction, the extent to which each contributed is still a subject of debate among scientists.