To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof -Article I, Section 8 Clause 18 This clause in the United States Constitution has most often been used to broaden the authority of Congress justify the principle of civil disobedience increase the power of state governments

## Step 1<br />The problem presents a clause from Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the United States Constitution. This clause is often referred to as the "Necessary and Proper Clause" or the "Elastic Clause". It grants Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers.<br />## Step 2<br />The question asks us to identify the most common use of this clause. The options provided are: broadening the authority of Congress, justifying the principle disobedience, and increasing the power of state governments.<br />## Step 3<br />The clause is primarily used to broaden the authority of Congress. It allows Congress to make laws that are necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers. This means that Congress can make laws that are not explicitly listed in the Constitution but are necessary for the government to function effectively.<br />## Step 4<br />The clause does not justify the principle of civil disobedience or increase the power of state governments. Civil disobedience refers to the act of deliberately disobeying a law as a form of political protest, which is not related to the clause. Similarly, the clause does not increase the power of state governments; instead, it increases the power of the federal government.