8. Most mutations: are helpful to an organism. are harmful to an organism. are fatal to an organism. have no effect on an organism.

## Step 1<br />The problem is asking us to identify the most common outcome of mutations in organisms. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. They can occur due to various factors such as errors during DNA replication, exposure to certain chemicals, or radiation.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The effects of mutations can vary greatly. Some mutations can be beneficial, leading to new traits that can be advantageous for the organism. However, many mutations are neutral, meaning they do not have any noticeable effect on the organism.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />The most common outcome of mutations is that they have no effect on the organism. This is because the DNA sequence is very large, and the changes caused by mutations are usually not significant enough to cause noticeable changes in the organism's phenotype.