11.What is replacement-evel ferility? What is the ferlity rate in European countries vs. less developed countries? (0.5)

## Step 1<br />Replacement-level fertility is a term used in demography to describe the total fertility rate at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next, without migration. This rate is roughly 2.1 children per woman for most countries, although it can vary based on mortality rates and other factors.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The fertility rate, which is the average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime, varies significantly between European countries and less developed countries. In European countries, the fertility rate tends to be lower, often below the replacement level. This is due to factors such as higher levels of education, greater participation of women in the workforce, higher standards of living, and greater access to family planning resources.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />In contrast, less developed countries typically have higher fertility rates. This is often due to factors such as lower levels of education, lower standards of living, and less access to family planning resources.