14. Based on the reasoning Chief Justice John Marshall uses in the excerpt below, what choice best describes the decision he made in the McCulloch v. Maryland case? "The states have no power __ to retard, impede, burden or in any manner control, the operations of the constitutional laws enacted by Congress." Chief Justice John Marshall McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 He decided that Congress did not have the authority to create a law that conflicted with State law. He decided that federal law could not be challenged by State law. He decided that State law took precedent over the federal laws passed by Congress. He declared that the Supreme Court lacked the authority to settle a dispute between State and federal law. 1 poin

## Step 1<br />The problem presents a quote from Chief Justice John Marshall in the McCulloch v. Maryland case in 1819. The quote emphasizes that states do not have the power to impede or control the operations of the constitutional laws enacted by Congress.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The task is to interpret the decision made by Chief Justice John Marshall based on the given quote. The options provided are:<br />- He decided that Congress did not have the authority to create a law that conflicted with State law.<br />- He decided that federal law could not be challenged by State law.<br />- He decided that State law took precedent over the federal laws passed by Congress.<br />- He declared that the Supreme Court lacked the authority to settle a dispute between State and federal law.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />By analyzing the quote, it is clear that Marshall is asserting the supremacy of federal law over state law. He is stating that states do not have the power to impede or control the operations of the constitutional laws enacted by Congress.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />Based on this interpretation, the most accurate choice is "He decided that federal law could not be challenged by State law." This choice aligns with Marshall's assertion of the supremacy of federal law over state law.