5. Extend your thinking:Sometimes errors called mutations occur during DNA replication. What are some the possible consequences of mutations? Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited: 02020 ExploreLearning All rights reserved

## Step 1<br />Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. They can occur due to errors during DNA replication, exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, or even due to errors during cell division.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />Mutations can have a variety of effects on an organism. Some mutations are harmless and do not affect the organism's ability to survive or reproduce. These are known as silent mutations.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />Other mutations can lead to diseases or disorders. For example, mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes can lead to breast and ovarian cancer.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />Mutations can also lead to changes in an organism's physical traits. For example, a mutation in the MC1R gene can cause red hair.<br /><br />## Step 5<br />Some mutations can be beneficial and lead to evolutionary changes. For example, a mutation that provides resistance to a disease can help an organism survive and reproduce, passing on the beneficial mutation to its offspring.