How did Napoleon's rule affect the spread of nationalism in Europe? It suppressed nationalism It encouraged nationalist movements It had no effect It led to the unification of France only

Napoleon's rule had a significant impact on the spread of nationalism in Europe. While he initially suppressed nationalist movements to maintain control over his empire, his conquests and administrative reforms exposed different European peoples to new ideas and inspired nationalist sentiments. His legal reforms, such as the Napoleonic Code, promoted equality and citizenship, which fueled nationalist ideas. Additionally, Napoleon's reorganization of territories and the establishment of the French Empire encouraged nationalist movements in other countries, as people sought to assert their own national identities and independence. Therefore, Napoleon's rule encouraged nationalist movements in Europe.