NATURAL SCIENCE: This passage is adapted from the book Mycophilla: Revelations from the Weird World of Mushrooms by Eugenia Bone (62011 by Eugenia Bone). There are a number of fungi that live in mutualist relationships in which a balance of interests occurs between two organisms.Lichen has a mutualistic relationship with photosynthesizing algae and bacteria. And there are also commensal relationships, where the fungus may not be doing the host any good or any harm.either-the raison d'étre of some yeasts in our body, for example, is unknown and may be commensal. But mycorrhizal fungi are the princes of mutualism. "Fung!can't make their own food," said Gary Lincoff "So they made a strategic choice to team up with plants." Ninety percent of natural land plants are thought to have mycorrhizal fungi partners. It's a masterpiece of evolution: Mycorrhizal fungi break down nutrients like phosphorus, carbon water, and nitrogen into a readily assimilative form and deliver them to the plant in return for sugar produced by the plant via photosynthesis. The fungus needs sugar for energy and to launch its spores, and the tree needs nutrients because (despite what Ilearned in school) tree roots don't do the job adequately. Tree roots primarily anchor the tree in the soil. While tree roots will absorb moisture if watered and nutrients if fertilized, it is the mycorrhizal fungus growing on and in the tree roots that provides the tree with the lion's share of it:nutrition and water. Mycorrhiza fungisignificantly expand the reach of The author most likely includes the quote from Lincoff (highlighted) to: F suggest that mycorrhizal fung have a commensal relationship F with plants. G contend that mycorrhizal fung serve the same function as some yeasts in the human body. H indicate why mycorrhizal fung have a mutualist relationship with plants. J explain why mycorrhizal fung cannot make their own food.

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NATURAL SCIENCE: This passage is adapted from the book Mycophilla: Revelations from the Weird World of Mushrooms by Eugenia Bone (62011 by Eugenia Bone). There are a number of fungi that live in mutualist relationships in which a balance of interests occurs between two organisms.Lichen has a mutualistic relationship with photosynthesizing algae and bacteria. And there are also commensal relationships, where the fungus may not be doing the host any good or any harm.either-the raison d'étre of some yeasts in our body, for example, is unknown and may be commensal. But mycorrhizal fungi are the princes of mutualism. "Fung!can't make their own food," said Gary Lincoff "So they made a strategic choice to team up with plants." Ninety percent of natural land plants are thought to have mycorrhizal fungi partners. It's a masterpiece of evolution: Mycorrhizal fungi break down nutrients like phosphorus, carbon water, and nitrogen into a readily assimilative form and deliver them to the plant in return for sugar produced by the plant via photosynthesis. The fungus needs sugar for energy and to launch its spores, and the tree needs nutrients because (despite what Ilearned in school) tree roots don't do the job adequately. Tree roots primarily anchor the tree in the soil. While tree roots will absorb moisture if watered and nutrients if fertilized, it is the mycorrhizal fungus growing on and in the tree roots that provides the tree with the lion's share of it:nutrition and water. Mycorrhiza fungisignificantly expand the reach of The author most likely includes the quote from Lincoff (highlighted) to: F suggest that mycorrhizal fung have a commensal relationship F with plants. G contend that mycorrhizal fung serve the same function as some yeasts in the human body. H indicate why mycorrhizal fung have a mutualist relationship with plants. J explain why mycorrhizal fung cannot make their own food.

Answer 1

## Step 1 The problem is a reading comprehension question, which requires understanding the context and the main idea of the passage. The passage discusses the relationship between mycorrhizal fungi and plants, which is a mutualistic relationship. ## Step 2 The quote from Lincoff, "Fungi can't make their own food," is used to explain why mycorrhizal fungi have a mutualistic relationship with plants. This is because fungi cannot produce their own food, and they have chosen to team up with plants to obtain nutrients. ## Step 3 The passage further explains that mycorrhizal fungi break down nutrients like phosphorus, carbon, water, and nitrogen into a form that can be readily assimilated by the plant. In return, the plant provides the fungus with sugar produced through photosynthesis. This is a clear example of a mutualistic relationship, where both organisms benefit from each other.

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