ANALYZE Why is it important for DNA polymerase to proofread the new strands of DNA before the cell divides? a. It removes RNA primer segments. b. It keeps DNA from folding incorrectly. c. It conserves old DNA for the new cells. d. It prevents development of genetic disorders.

## Step 1<br />The question is asking why it is important for DNA polymerase to proofread the new strands of DNA before the cell divides. DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA. During DNA replication, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand in a sequence that is complementary to the template strand.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The proofreading function of DNA polymerase is crucial for ensuring the accuracy of DNA replication. This function helps to correct any mistakes that occur during the replication process, such as the incorporation of incorrect nucleotides. By proofreading, DNA polymerase ensures that the new DNA strands are accurate copies of the original strands, which is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genetic information.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />Let's analyze the given options:<br /><br />a. It removes RNA primer segments: This is not the primary function of proofreading. RNA primers are removed by other enzymes, such as RNase H or F.<br /><br />b. It keeps DNA from folding incorrectly: While proper folding of DNA is important, it is not the primary function of DNA polymerase's proofreading activity.<br /><br />c. It conserves old DNA for the new cells: This is not accurate. DNA polymerase does not conserve old DNA; instead, it synthesizes new DNA strands that are complementary to the original strands.<br /><br />d. It prevents the development of genetic disorders: This is the most accurate option. By proofreading and correcting mistakes during DNA replication, DNA polymerase helps to prevent mutations that could lead to genetic disorders. Mutations can occur due to the incorporation of incorrect nucleotides, and proofreading helps to minimize the occurrence of such mutations, thus preventing potential genetic disorders.