3. What is the rhythmic wavelike motion of the involuntary muscle of the ureter called? What does it do? 4. What are rugae? What is their function? 5: How is the urethra different in males and females? 6. List five (5)waste products found in urine. 7. Define the following terms. a. polyuria: b. oliguria: c. anuria: d. hematuria: e. pyuria: f. nocturia: g. dysuria: h. retention: i. incontinence: 8. An inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis is called __ An inflammation of the bladder is __ .The formation of stones is __ .An accumulation of urinary wastes in the blood caused by kidney failure is __ 9. What is hemodialysis? 10. Identify two (2)urinary diseases that might require a kidney transplant.

3. The rhythmic wavelike motion of the involuntary muscle of the ureter is called peristalsis. It helps to propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.<br /><br />4. Rugae are folds or wrinkles found in the lining of the urinary bladder. Their function is to allow the bladder to expand as it fills with urine.<br /><br />5. The urethra is different in males and females in terms of length and function. In males, the urethra is longer and serves as a passageway for both urine and semen. In females, the urethra is shorter and only serves as a passageway for urine.<br /><br />6. Five waste products found in urine are:<br /> a. Urea<br /> b. Uric acid<br /> c. Creatinine<br /> d. Ammonia<br /> e. Bilirubin<br /><br />7. Definitions:<br /> a. Polyuria: Excessive production and passage of urine.<br /> b. Oliguria: Reduced urine output.<br /> c. Anuria: Absence or very little urine output.<br /> d. Hematuria: Presence of blood in the urine.<br /> e. Pyuria: Presence of pus in the urine.<br /> f. Nocturia: Frequent urination at night.<br /> g. Dysuria: Painful or difficult urination.<br /> h. Retention: Inability to empty the bladder completely.<br /> i. Incontinence: Inability to control urination.<br /><br />8. An inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis is called pyelonephritis. An inflammation of the bladder is called cystitis. The formation of stones is called urolithiasis. An accumulation of urinary wastes in the blood caused by kidney failure is called uremia.<br /><br />9. Hemodialysis is a medical procedure that uses a machine to filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood when the kidneys are not functioning properly.<br /><br />10. Two urinary diseases that might require a kidney transplant are:<br /> a. End-stage renal disease (ESRD)<br /> b. Chronic kidney disease (CKD)