The limits to the abiotic conditions that a species can tolerate distribution range of tolerance fundamental niche realized

The correct answer is "range of tolerance."<br /><br />The range of tolerance refers to the limits to the abiotic conditions that a species can tolerate. It represents the range of environmental factors, such as temperature, pH, salinity, or moisture, within which a species can survive and reproduce. The range of tolerance is an important concept in ecology as it helps to understand the distribution and habitat requirements of different species.<br /><br />The other options are related but distinct concepts:<br /><br />1. Distribution: This refers to the geographic locations or areas where a species is found or can be found. It is the spatial pattern of a species' presence or absence in different regions or habitats.<br /><br />2. Fundamental niche: This is the full range of physical and biological conditions under which a species can survive and reproduce, including its range of tolerance. It represents the potential habitat or environmental conditions that a species can occupy, without considering the presence of other species or competition.<br /><br />3. Realized niche: This is the actual habitat or environmental conditions that a species occupies in the presence of other species and competition. It is the portion of the fundamental niche that a species can actually use, given the constraints imposed by other species and ecological interactions.<br /><br />In summary, the range of tolerance specifically refers to the limits to the abiotic conditions that a species can tolerate, while the other options are related but distinct concepts in ecology.