Which intervention should the nurse include in a long-term plan of carefor a client with chromic of A Use diaphragmatic breathing to achieve better echalation. B Limit fluid intake to reduce secretions. C Reduce risk factors for infection. D.Administer high flow oxygen during sleep.

The correct answer is:<br /><br />**C. Reduce risk factors for infection.**<br /><br />### Rationale:<br />For a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reducing the risk of infection is a critical component of long-term care. Infections, particularly respiratory infections, can exacerbate COPD symptoms and lead to complications such as acute exacerbations or hospitalizations. Strategies to reduce infection risk include vaccinations (e.g., influenza and pneumococcal vaccines), proper hand hygiene, avoiding exposure to sick individuals, and maintaining a clean environment.<br /><br />---<br /><br />### Explanation of Other Options:<br />- **A. Use diaphragmatic breathing to achieve better exhalation:** <br /> While diaphragmatic breathing is a helpful technique for managing COPD symptoms, it is more of a short-term intervention to improve breathing efficiency rather than a primary focus of long-term care.<br /><br />- **B. Limit fluid intake to reduce secretions:** <br /> This is incorrect because adequate hydration is essential for thinning mucus, making it easier to clear secretions. Limiting fluids could worsen mucus retention and increase the risk of airway obstruction.<br /><br />- **D. Administer high-flow oxygen during sleep:** <br /> High-flow oxygen is not typically recommended for COPD patients unless prescribed by a healthcare provider for specific conditions like severe hypoxemia. Overuse of oxygen in COPD patients can suppress their drive to breathe, leading to complications.<br /><br />### Conclusion:<br />The priority in long-term care for a client with COPD is to minimize exacerbations and complications, which includes reducing the risk of infections. Therefore, **C** is the most appropriate intervention.