political systems. The one system represents government by freedom of choice exercised by the individual citizens.In the other, and opposing system, individual freedom and initiative are all made subordinate the totalitarian state. What was the ultimate result of the situation President Roosevelt refers to in the excerpt? -President Franklin D. Roosevelt 1938 A shift in favor of the policy of appeasement The surge of social unrest in South America The overthrow of the monarchy in Russia The outbreak of World War II

### Step 1<br />The problem presents a statement from President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938, which refers to a situation where individual freedom and initiative are subordinated to the totalitarian state. This is a clear reference to the rise of totalitarian regimes, particularly in Europe, during the late 1930s.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The options provided are:<br />A. A shift in favor of the policy of appeasement<br />B. The surge of social unrest in South America<br />C. The overthrow of the monarchy in Russia<br />D. The outbreak of World War II<br /><br />## Step 3<br />Option A, "A shift in favor of the policy of appeasement," is not the correct answer because the policy of appeasement was primarily associated with the British and French response to the actions of Nazi Germany, not the rise of totalitarian regimes.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />Option B, "The surge of social unrest in South America," is also not the correct answer. While there were social unrests in South America during this period, they were not directly related to the rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe.<br /><br />## Step 5<br />Option C, "The overthrow of the monarchy in Russia," is not the correct answer either. The overthrow of the monarchy in Russia occurred in 1917, which is not the time period referred to in the problem.<br /><br />## Step 6<br />Option D, "The outbreak of World War II," is the correct answer. The rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe, particularly Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, led to increased tensions and ultimately the outbreak of World War II.<br /><br /># Answer: <br />D. The outbreak of World War II