Question 3(10 points) Without sunlight, what is the basis for food chains in some caves? a sulfuric acid b bird nests cock roaches d Bat droppings

## Step 1<br />This question is about the basis for food chains in some caves, particularly those that lack sunlight. The options provided are sulfuric acid, bird nests, cockroaches, and bat droppings.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />In the absence of sunlight, photosynthesis cannot occur, which means that plants cannot produce their own food. This disrupts the traditional food chain, which typically starts with plants.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />In such environments, the primary producers are usually chemotrophs, which are organisms that obtain their energy by oxidizing inorganic substances, such as sulfuric acid.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />However, in the context of caves, the primary producers are often chemolithotrophs, which are organisms that use inorganic substances as a source of carbon and energy.<br /><br />## Step 5<br />In the case of caves, the primary producers are often chemolithotrophs, which use inorganic substances as a source of carbon and energy. These organisms are typically found in the form of bat droppings, which provide the necessary nutrients for other organisms in the food chain.