Which statement explains why women and minorities made social and economic gains during World War II? Labor shortages provided economic opportunities. Executive orders encouraged the protection of civil rights. Labor unions fought to obtain economic equality for women. Government policies allowed women to serve in combat units.

## Step 1<br />During World War II, many men were drafted into the military, leaving a significant labor shortage in the home front. This labor shortage created opportunities for women and minorities to fill these roles, leading to economic gains.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The Fair Employment Act, signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941, prohibited racial discrimination in the national defense industry. This act encouraged the protection of civil rights for minorities.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />Labor unions played a crucial role in advocating for economic equality for women. They fought for better working conditions and fair wages, which helped to improve the economic status of women.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />The U.S. military did not allow women to serve in combat units during World War II. However, women served in other capacities, such as nurses and clerks, which contributed to their social and economic gains.