What does Marx see as the primary tool for the oppression of the lower social classes in modern society? increasing power of the police state aristocracy industrial capitalism religious authorities

## Step 1<br />Karl Marx, a renowned philosopher, economist, and sociologist, is known for his theories on society, economics, and politics. He is particularly known for his critique of capitalism and his theory of historical materialism.<br />## Step 2<br />Marx's theory of historical materialism posits that the economic structure of a society is the primary determinant of its social and political structure. He argued that the economic structure of a society is shaped by the mode of production, which is the way in which goods and services are produced.<br />## Step 3<br />Marx identified industrial capitalism as the primary tool for the oppression of the lower social classes in modern society. He argued that in industrial capitalism, the bourgeoisie, or the capitalist class, own the means of production and exploit the proletariat, or the working class, by paying them less than the value of their labor.<br />## Step 4<br />Marx's critique of capitalism is based on his belief that it creates a class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. He argued that this struggle would eventually lead to a revolution, where the proletariat would overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a socialist society.