5. Explain how the Scopes Trial highlighted the conflict between traditional beliefs and the latest __

The Scopes Trial, also known as the Scopes Monkey Trial, was a legal case in 1925 where John T. Scopes was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which made it illegal to teach human evolution in any state-funded school. The trial was a significant event in the 1920s, highlighting the conflict between traditional beliefs and the latest scientific theories. The traditional beliefs, in this case, were rooted in religious teachings that supported creationism, the belief that God created the universe and all life in it. On the other hand, the latest scientific theories, particularly the theory of evolution by natural selection proposed by Charles Darwin, challenged these traditional beliefs by suggesting that species evolved over time through natural processes.<br /><br />The trial brought to light the tension between science and religion, as well as the role of education in shaping societal values. It was a battleground where the proponents of evolution, led by Clarence Darrow, argued for academic freedom and the right to teach scientific theories, while the opponents, led by William Jennings Bryan, defended traditional religious views and the importance of upholding moral values.<br /><br />The Scopes Trial underscored the clash between the old and the new, the sacred and the secular, and the struggle to reconcile faith with reason. It was a pivotal moment in the history of science and education, reflecting the broader cultural and intellectual shifts taking place in the United States during the 1920s.