or disorders mentioned in class and FRQ2. Choose one of the endocrine system discuss the causes, symptoms and current treatments/cures for the affliction. FRQ3. How do the adrenal glands contribute to the body's response to stress, and what hormones are involved?

FRQ2. One of the endocrine system disorders is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is a chronic condition that occurs when the body is unable to properly regulate blood sugar levels. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2.<br /><br />The causes of diabetes vary depending on the type. For type 1 diabetes, the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. This leads to a lack of insulin, which is necessary for regulating blood sugar levels. The exact cause of this autoimmune response is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to genetic and environmental factors.<br /><br />Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, is characterized by insulin resistance, where the body's cells become less responsive to insulin. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, and a family history of diabetes.<br /><br />The symptoms of diabetes include increased thirst and urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow healing of cuts and bruises. If left untreated, diabetes can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, and nerve damage.<br /><br />The current treatments for diabetes include lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise, as well as medication. For type 1 diabetes, insulin injections are necessary to regulate blood sugar levels. For type 2 diabetes, oral medications and insulin injections may be used in combination with lifestyle changes.<br /><br />FRQ3. The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of the kidneys that play a crucial role in the body's response to stress. They produce and release a variety of hormones, including cortisol and adrenaline.<br /><br />Cortisol is a hormone that helps the body respond to stress by increasing blood sugar levels and suppressing the immune system. It also helps the body regulate metabolism and blood pressure.<br /><br />Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone that prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels, and also suppresses the immune system.<br /><br />Together, these hormones help the body respond to stress by preparing it for action and increasing its ability to survive in a dangerous situation.