2) During medieval times , what was widely believed to control the health and well-being of different parts of the body? Give an example. 3) How do you think Vesalius would have reacted to the Zodiac man? 4) How did Vesalius get his information about the makeup of the human body? 5) How does this document show how the Renaissance changed man's view of man?

## Step 1<br />During the medieval times, the health and well-being of different parts of the body were widely believed to be controlled by the balance of the four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. This theory was based on the belief that these humors were produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. The balance of these humors was thought to determine a person's temperament and health. For example, an excess of blood was believed to cause a sanguine temperament, while an excess of black bile was associated with a melancholic temperament.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />Andreas Vesalius, a Flemish anatomist and physician, is known for his work "De humani corporis fabrica" (On the Fabric of the Human Body). He would have reacted to the Zodiac Man with skepticism and criticism. The Zodiac Man was a medieval illustration that depicted the human body as a microcosm of the universe, with the different parts of the body corresponding to the signs of the zodiac. Vesalius, who emphasized the importance of direct observation and dissection in the study of anatomy, would have found this representation to be inaccurate and lacking in scientific rigor.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />Vesalius obtained his information about the makeup of the human body primarily through direct observation and dissection of cadavers. This was a significant departure from the prevailing methods of the time, which relied heavily on anatomical texts and illustrations without direct empirical evidence. Vesalius's hands-on approach allowed him to correct many of the inaccuracies and misconceptions that had been accepted in previous anatomical studies.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />The document, likely referring to Vesalius's "De humani corporis fabrica," shows how the Renaissance changed man's view of man by emphasizing the importance of empirical observation and scientific inquiry. The Renaissance was a period of renewed interest in the natural world and a shift away from the medieval reliance on religious dogma and superstition. Vesalius's work, with its detailed and accurate illustrations of the human body, challenged long-held beliefs and paved the way for a more scientific understanding of human anatomy. This document, therefore, exemplifies the Renaissance humanist ideal of seeking knowledge through direct observation and empirical evidence, rather than relying solely on ancient authorities or religious teachings.