1. An Ostrich with mass of 146kg is running to the right with a velocity of 17m/s Find the momentum of the Ostrich. Which bike rider has the greatest momentum? A A40kg person riding at 45km/h B A50kg person riding at 35km/h C A60kg porson riding at 25km/h D A70kg person riding at 15km/h 2. What is the impulse on a 45 ,000kg airplane when it changes its velocity from 242m/s to 258m/s 3. Gymnasts always perform on padded mats Use the impulse -momentum relation discuss how these mats protect the athletes

1. To find the momentum of the ostrich, we can use the formula for momentum:<br /><br />Momentum = mass × velocity<br /><br />Given:<br />Mass of the ostrich = 146 kg<br />Velocity of the ostrich = 17 m/s<br /><br />Plugging in the values, we get:<br /><br />Momentum = 146 kg × 17 m/s = 2482 kg·m/s<br /><br />Therefore, the momentum of the ostrich is 2482 kg·m/s.<br /><br />To determine which bike rider has the greatest momentum, we need to calculate the momentum for each rider and compare them.<br /><br />A. Momentum of the 40 kg person riding at 45 km/h:<br />Velocity in m/s = 45 km/h × (1 km/h) / (3.6 m/s) = 12.5 m/s<br />Momentum = 40 kg × 12.5 m/s = 500 kg·m/s<br /><br />B. Momentum of the 50 kg person riding at 35 km/h:<br />Velocity in m/s = 35 km/h × (1 km/h) / (3.6 m/s) = 9.72 m/s<br />Momentum = 50 kg × 9.72 m/s = 486 kg·m/s<br /><br />C. Momentum of the 60 kg person riding at 25 km/h:<br />Velocity in m/s = 25 km/h × (1 km/h) / (3.6 m/s) = 6.94 m/s<br />Momentum = 60 kg × 6.94 m/s = 417.4 kg·m/s<br /><br />D. Momentum of the 70 kg person riding at 15 km/h:<br />Velocity in m/s = 15 km/h × (1 km/h) / (3.6 m/s) = 4.17 m/s<br />Momentum = 70 kg × 4.17 m/s = 291.9 kg·m/s<br /><br />Comparing the momenta, we can see that the bike rider in option A (40 kg person riding at 45 km/h) has the greatest momentum of 500 kg·m/s.<br /><br />2. To calculate the impulse on the airplane, we can use the impulse-momentum theorem:<br /><br />Impulse = Change in momentum<br /><br />Given:<br />Mass of the airplane = 45,000 kg<br />Initial velocity = 242 m/s<br />Final velocity = 258 m/s<br /><br />Change in momentum = Final momentum - Initial momentum<br />Change in momentum = (Mass × Final velocity) - (Mass × Initial velocity)<br />Change in momentum = (45,000 kg × 258 m/s) - (45,000 kg × 242 m/s)<br />Change in momentum = 11,610,000 kg·m/s - 10,890,000 kg·m/s<br />Change in momentum = 720,000 kg·m/s<br /><br />Therefore, the impulse on the airplane is 720,000 kg·m/s.<br /><br />3. Padded mats used by gymnasts provide a cushioning effect that helps to reduce the impact of falls and collisions. This is achieved through the impulse-momentum relationship.<br /><br />When a gymnast falls or collides with the mat, the mat provides an impulse to the gymnast, which changes the momentum of the gymnast. The impulse is equal to the change in momentum, which is the difference between the final momentum and the initial momentum.<br /><br />By increasing the time of impact, the padded mat reduces the force experienced by the gymnast, as the impulse is spread out over a longer period of time. This helps to minimize the risk of injury and allows the gymnast to absorb the impact more safely.<br /><br />In summary, the impulse-momentum relationship explains how padded mats protect gymnasts by increasing the time of impact and reducing the force experienced during falls and collisions.