Summarize the contributions of Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson to the study of the Big Bang Theory.

o Penzias and Robert Wilson are two physicists who made significant contributions to the study of the Big Bang Theory. In 1964, they discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) while working on a radio telescope project at the Bell Labs in New Jersey. The CMB is a remnant of the Big Bang and provides strong evidence for the theory.<br /><br />Penzias and Wilson's discovery was accidental, as they initially thought the radiation was noise from their equipment. However, after ruling out other sources of interference, they realized that the radiation was coming from all directions in space and had a consistent temperature of about 2.7 Kelvin. This discovery provided strong evidence for the Big Bang Theory, as it showed that the universe was once in a hot, dense state and has been cooling down ever since.<br /><br />Penzias and Wilson's work earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978, along with Pyotr Kapitsa, for their discovery of the CMB and its role in the study of the Big Bang Theory. Their work has had a profound impact on our understanding of the universe and has led to further advancements in cosmology and astrophysics.