by carriage is sitting at the top of a hill that is 21 m high. The carriac y weighs 12 N. The carriage has __ energy. Calc

## Step 1<br />The problem involves calculating the potential energy of a carriage sitting at the top of a hill. The formula for potential energy is given by:<br />### **Potential Energy = mass * gravity * height**<br />In this formula, mass is measured in kilograms (kg), gravity is measured in meters per second squared (m/s^2), and height is measured in meters (m).<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The weight of the carriage is given as 12 N. However, the weight is not the mass of the carriage. The weight is the force exerted by gravity on the mass of the carriage. Therefore, we need to convert the weight into mass. The formula to convert weight into mass is:<br />### **mass = weight / gravity**<br />Given that the weight of the carriage is 12 N and the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s^2, we can calculate the mass of the carriage as:<br />### **mass = 12 N / 9.8 m/s^2 = 1.224 kg**<br /><br />## Step 3<br />Now that we have the mass of the carriage, we can calculate the potential energy. The height of the hill is given as 21 m. Substituting the values of mass and height into the potential energy formula, we get:<br />### **Potential Energy = 1.224 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 * 21 m = 249.7 Joules**